Find out how allergies could be behind your child’s symptoms.

Do you ever wonder whether your child’s constant sneezing, lingering cough or unexplained skin irritation might be more than just another cold? You’re not alone. Allergies often begin in childhood, and for many kids, can continue into adulthood if they’re not recognized and managed early.

What Are Allergies?

Allergies occur when the immune system overreacts to substances that are usually harmless. These substances, called allergens, can trigger symptoms as the body mistakenly treats them like dangerous invaders.

Common Environmental Allergens at Home and School

Children are exposed to a variety of potential allergens in everyday environments. Some of the most common include:

• Dust
• Fungi and molds
• Furry animals
• Products made with animal hair
• Latex

These triggers may be present in classrooms, carpets, furniture, stuffed animals or even clothing.

When Should Parents Suspect Allergies?

Sometimes allergies are obvious, like when a child wears a specific outfit and immediately develops a red, itchy rash. Other times, the signs are more subtle.

You may want to consider allergies if your child:

• Has cold-like symptoms that last more than a week
• Seems to get “sick” around the same time every year
• Has an ongoing runny nose or nasal congestion
• Sneezes frequently, clears their throat, or rubs their nose often
• Sniffles or snorts throughout the day
• Has red, itchy, watery eyes

Allergy or Cold? How to Tell the Difference

It can be tricky to distinguish allergies from common colds, but there are a few helpful clues:

• Fever: Rarely present with allergies
• Eyes: Itchy, watery eyes point more toward allergies. Colds rarely cause this.
• Mucus: Allergies usually cause clear or watery mucus, while colds produce thicker mucus.
• Itching or tingling: Sensations in the mouth or throat are more suggestive of allergies.

How Are Allergies Tested?

If allergies are suspected, there are two main testing options:

1. Blood Testing

A blood test looks at certain body chemicals and measures immune responses to food and environmental allergens. Results are graded on a scale from zero (no reaction) to six (strong reaction).

Pros:

• One test can screen multiple allergens.
• It can be ordered by your pediatrician.
• No need to stop allergy medications beforehand.

Cons:

• Blood draws can be stressful for kids.
• The zero and six scores are easy to interpret, but the other responses may be more confusing.

2. Allergy Skin Testing

Skin testing is performed by an allergist using tiny needles to introduce allergens just under the skin. Reactions are measured and used to guide treatment.

Pros:

• Generally, more accurate
• Includes expert input from an allergist

Cons:

• There can be mild discomfort and itching afterward.
• Some medications must be stopped beforehand.
• Many kids dislike needles.

Helping Your Child Feel Better

Identifying triggers is the first step toward relief. With the right plan, allergy symptoms can often be significantly reduced, helping your child sleep better, focus on school and enjoy everyday activities.

Dr. Chris Koutures is a dual board-certified pediatric and sports medicine specialist who practices at ActiveKidMD in Orange.

Author: Marketing and Event Coordinator